College of Cardinals

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Pope Benedict XVI’s last day as our Pope : Thursday, 28 February 2013

Today marks Pope Benedict XVI’s last day as our Pope, and the last day before the sede vacante begins, or the period when there is no successor of St. Peter the Apostle as the leader of the Universal Church. This period will last until a new Pope is elected by the College of Cardinals in the papal conclave.

 

The important events to take note of today includes (live from the Vatican from http://www.vatican.va/video/) :

 

1. Last meeting and farewell to the College of Cardinals at Clementine Hall (Sala Clementina) : Thursday, 28 February 2013 at 11.00 am CET (UTC+1) 

(10.00 am UTC, 5.00 am EST, 2.00 am PST, 5.00 pm WIB (West Indonesian Time) or UTC+7, 6.00 pm SG time (UTC+8)

 

2. Pope Benedict XVI leaves Vatican City for Castel Gandolfo on Thursday, 28 February 2013 at 5.00 pm CET (UTC+1)

(4.00 pm UTC, 11.00 am EST, 8.00 am PST, 11.00 pm WIB/UTC+7, and Friday, 1 March 2013 at 0.00 am SG time/UTC+8)

 

3. Sede Vacante begins on Thursday, 28 February 2013 at 8.00 pm CET (UTC+1)

(7.00 pm UTC, 2.00 pm EST, 11.00 am PST, Friday, 1 March 2013 at 2.00 am WIB/UTC+7, and Friday, 1 March 2013 at 3.00 am SG time/UTC+8)

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What will happen at the last days of the Pope and the day when he retires (28 February 2013) by Salt and Light TV

 

Wednesday, 27 February 2013

10.30 am – Pope Benedict XVI’s last General Audience at St. Peter’s Square (Pope’s farewell to the faithful around the world)

 

Thursday, 28 February 2013

11.00 am – Pope Benedict XVI’s last private meeting with the College of Cardinals in Sala Clementina

5.30 pm – Pope Benedict XVI leaves for Castel Gandolfo by the helicopter

8.00 pm – Pope Benedict XVI’s Papacy ends, sede vacante begins (no Pope present in the Church)

 

All time listed above are in CET (Central European Time) or UTC+1 hour

 

Conclave may begin between 9 March 2013 and 11 March 2013 as announced by the Vatican officials.

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Explanation on the changes brought by Motu Proprio Normas Nonnullas on the Conclave

http://vaticaninsider.lastampa.it/en/the-vatican/detail/articolo/motu-proprio-benedetto-xvi-benedict-xvi-benedecto-xvi-conclave-22655/

Modifications to the Apostolic Constitution Universi Dominici Gregis that regulates the Papal Conclave, as explained in English by Vatican Insider, with three main changes highlighted :

 

1. Conclave can begin earlier than 15 days after the vacancy of the See of Rome, but the exact date depends entirely on the College of Cardinals.

2. Cardinal-electors can opt not to attend the Conclave based on health and other valid reasons, but otherwise, all electors should attend, and those with the rights should not be impeded attendance at the Conclave.

3. All people locked inside the Conclave, including even the laity must take the oath of secrecy, the same as that of the Cardinals. More specific latae sententiae excommunication is given immediately to those who broke the oath during and even after the Conclave, unless permission given by the new Pope.

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Cardinal Lubomyr Husar reaches age 80 and therefore becomes ineligible to vote in the Papal Conclave

Today, Tuesday, 26 February 2013, Cardinal Lubomyr Husar, Major Archbishop Emeritus of Kyiv-Halic, and thus the former leader of the Ukrainian Catholic Church (Eastern Rite Catholic Church) in full communion with Rome, turns 80, and by the rules laid out in the Apostolic Constitution Universi Dominici Gregis, can no longer participate in the Conclave to elect the new Pope.

The College of Cardinals now stand at 208 members, with 117 electors (2 will not attend the Conclave in March 2013) and 91 non-electors.

We wish His Eminence a happy birthday and pray for him that God will always guide him and strengthen him, that even in his old age and retirement, he will still be able to do great things for the greater glory of God. May God bless Cardinal Husar and the Ukrainian Church. Amen!

Ad multos annos, Your Eminence!

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English version of the Pope’s latest Motu Proprio : Normas Nonnullas

http://www.zenit.org/en/articles/motu-propio-apostolic-letter-regarding-the-election-of-the-roman-pontiff

Here is the English version of the Motu Proprio Normas Nonnullas on the election of the Supreme Pontiff (Pope) by Zenit. Happy reading and God bless!

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Pope Benedict XVI’s latest and last Motu Proprio : Normas Nonnullas on the Papal Conclave (Updated)

http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/motu_proprio/documents/hf_ben-xvi_motu-proprio_20130222_normas-nonnullas_lt.html

Pope Benedict XVI has published his last Motu Proprio concerning the rules of the Conclave as laid out in the Apostolic Constitution Universi Dominici Gregis, by Blessed Pope John Paul II, to clarify and modify some portions of the rules to suit the developments in the current time, and to affirm the rules as written in the Universi Dominici Gregis.

 

1. Cardinal-electors that had been given the right to elect the new Pope and had been rightfully granted that right must not be deprived of his right to join the Conclave and elect the new Pope.

 

2. It grants the College of Cardinals more liberty in the date of the commencement of the Conclave, providing all the Cardinals rightfully given the voting rights and intending to attend the Conclave has been gathered in Rome, as opposed to the previous rule of compulsory 15 days between the vacancy of the See of Rome to the beginning of the Conclave. 15 days here should still be observed, but if the College deems it right for the Conclave to begin, they can do so. Thus, the Conclave can begin earlier than 15 March 2013 for this year’s Conclave.

 

3. The whole area of the Vatican City and the areas around the Sistine Chapel will be restricted during the period of the Conclave, to prevent any leakage of secrecy of the Conclave to the outside world. Especially the area from Domus Sancta Marthae where the Cardinals reside during the Conclave and the Sistine Chapel, where they gather and vote. Anyone breaching this rule, will be given latae sententiae (automatic) excommunication, which is more precisely mentioned than the previous rule, which only mentioned severe punishment. Latae sententiae excommunication is specified in the new ruling.

 

4. The oaths prescribed in the Universi Dominici Gregis, to be taken by every Cardinal-electors at the start of the Conclave. In addition, in the new rule, all those involved in the Conclave, also have to take the oath, not just the Cardinal-electors :

Latin : ‘Ego N. N. promitto et iuro me inviolate servaturum esse secretum absolutum cum omnibus quotquot participes non sunt Collegii Cardinalium electorum, hoc quidem in perpetuum, nisi mihi datur expresse peculiaris facultas a novo Pontifice electo eiusve Successoribus, in omnibus quae directe vel indirecte respiciunt suffragia et scrutinia ad novum Pontificem eligendum.

Itemque promitto et iuro me nullo modo in Conclavi usurum esse instrumentis quibuslibet ad vocem transmittendam vel recipiendam aut ad imagines exprimendas quovis modo aptis de iis quae tempore electionis fiunt intra fines Civitatis Vaticanae, atque praecipue de iis quae quolibet modo directe vel indirecte attinent ad negotia coniuncta cum ipsa electione. Declaro me editurum esse ius iurandum utpote qui plane noverim quamlibet eius violationem adducturam esse excommunicationis mihi poenam latae sententiae Sedi Apostolicae reservatae.’

English (rough translation) : ‘I, NN., promise and swear to keep inviolate the absolute secret from all those who are not participants in the (election of the Pope) by the College of Cardinals, even in perpetuity, unless expressly given me special permission from the newly elected Pope and his successors, in all things which are directly or indirectly concern the votes and ballots to the choosing a new Pope.

So again, I promise and I swear I am in no way, whatsoever, to the sound of instruments in the Conclave of sending or receiving, or would make use of to  represent the images in any way suitable at the time of the election are to be done within the confines of Vatican City on those matters which, in any way, and especially on those matters which pertain to the business of directly or indirectly linked to with the election. It is well explained and clear to me, who so obviously should know that any violation of his oath will lead to excommunication to me, under the penalty of latae sententiae excommunication, reserved to the Apostolic See.

 

5. That the new Pope can only be elected with secret ballot or scrutiny. No acclamation, no compromise, and no absolute majority (or more than 50% of votes) in the event of long conclave. This has been earlier abrogated by Pope Benedict XVI who reiterated the absolute requirement of at least two-thirds of all Cardinals’ votes for one to be elected a new Pope.

 

6. If the Conclave failed to reach conclusion after a period of time, a day of prayer and reflection, and contemplation should be included before voting begins again. Then in the next round of voting, only the two names with the highest number of votes in the previous ballot would be included.

 

7. The formula of the question by the Cardinal Dean to the newly elected Pope is affirmed :

 

Latin : Acceptasne electionem de te canonice factam in Summum Pontificem?

English : Do you accept the Canonical election as the Supreme Pontiff?

 

Latin : Accepto

English : I accept

 

Latin : Quo nomine vis vocari?

English : What do you wish to be called?

 

Latin : Vocabor X

English : I wish to be called X.

(X will be the regnal name, for example, Benedict for our Pope Benedict XVI)

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Who can become Pope? and how is the hierarchy of the Catholic Church like?

Not the best, and not very accurate, but quite thorough in their assessment in an understandable way, of how a Pope is elected, and who can become Pope.

Yes, there are indeed several requirements to become a Pope as stated :

1. Male (only males can become priests, as we stay faithful to the Sacred Tradition that has begun since the Apostles, on the teachings passed down from Christ).

2. Baptised as Catholic (Baptised with water by a priest in the name of the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit).

Although those two are the stated requirements, but indeed, usually Cardinals select among themselves for candidates to become the next Pope, since they have the experience and the required abilities and knowledge needed to lead the Universal Church. It is only rarely than bishops and archbishops are selected, and even many did not make it to be elected.

 

The Popes, Cardinals, Archbishops, and Bishops are all bishops, and hence, not each a separate religious order by themselves. The Pope is simply at the highest, being the Bishop of Rome, and thus successor of St. Peter the Apostle, leader of the Universal Church. The Cardinals as the Pope’s assistants either in Rome or around the world, and the archbishops and bishops as the local shepherds guiding the flock of Christ.

The priests as the soldiers that bring the work of Christ to all His beloved children. Let us pray for all of them!

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Cardinal Keith O’ Brien of Edinburgh resigned amid controversy, and will not participate in Conclave

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/feb/25/cardinal-obrien-resigns-full-statements

The resignation of Cardinal Keith O’ Brien, now Metropolitan Archbishop Emeritus of St. Andrews and Edinburgh in Scotland, UK, has been accepted by Pope Benedict XVI, and allegations of improper conduct have also arisen against him. As such, he found it wise not to participate in the Conclave, which will happen sometime in March 2013.

Therefore, at this moment, we will have 115 Cardinal-electors barring any other Cardinals who may also skip the Conclave due to poor health such as Cardinal-Patriarch Antonios Naguib of the Coptic Catholics who is reported to be in ill health.

 

With regards to Cardinal O’ Brien, it is easy for many within, and especially from outside the Church of Christ to accuse not only him, but the whole Church itself. Many would be very happy to see the Church destroyed, and therefore, crushing the last bastion of truth and light in our struggle against evil. The world does hate Christ and those who believed in Him. We in the Church, and our leaders are human, and we are all sinners. Indeed, to those who have been given the trust and authority, much responsibility is given too.

Whatever bad things Cardinal O’ Brien had done, much good he had also done as well, in the service of our Lord. We thank him for his long service to God and His Church and pray that he will cooperate in all matters necessary, so that our Church, indeed, will be purged from all evil that has encroached into it in recent years. Indeed, Satan has been so busy working against God and His people that not only that he is not satisfied with just turning the world against us, it also corrupts even those inside, to destroy us.

This is why, the Year of Faith is important, because we must remember first and foremost that no matter what Satan throws at us, our faith must ever be impeccable and strong, and we must always centre ourselves in the love of God, through the Church. So, brothers and sisters in Christ, let us pray that the Lord will send His Holy Spirit to cleanse, not only our Church, but also the whole world, from Satan the deceiver. Pray for our Pope Benedict XVI who will be retiring soon, and for his soon-to-be elected successor. God bless the One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church!

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Cardinal Darmaatmadja of Indonesia will skip the Conclave due to health reasons : Cardinal-electors for the Conclave now stand at 116

http://www.ucanews.com/news/cardinal-unable-to-go-to-conclave/67484

Cardinal Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja, Metropolitan Archbishop Emeritus of Jakarta, Indonesia, who is now 78, has declined to go and attend the Conclave due to health reasons, particularly badly failing eyesight and other health issues, which he determined would prevent him from effectively participating in the Conclave processes.

We pray for Cardinal Darmaatmadja that God will continue to bless him, and sustain him, even through the health problems that he face at the moment. May God bless and protect him from afflictions, that he will remain in great vigour to continue the mission entrusted to him by God even in retirement.

As originally, barring any death between now and the beginning of the Conclave, there would have been 117 Cardinals, Cardinal Darmaatmadja’s decision reduce the number of the Cardinal-electors at the conclave to 116.

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College of Cardinals : Passing of Cardinal Julien Ries, at the age of 92

Cardinal Julien Ries from Belgium, who was 92, has passed away yesterday, on Saturday, 23 February 2013. He was elevated to the Cardinalate as a Cardinal non-elector at the consistory of 18 February 2012 last year with 22 other cardinals, and was the first one to pass away among them. He was made the Cardinal Deacon of S. Antonio di Padova a Circonvallazione Appia.

Let us pray for the Cardinal, that God will welcome him home, and open the doors of heaven for him, after his long and tireless work in the spread of the Gospel and in bringing mankind closer to God. Requiescat in Pace, Your Eminence.

College of Cardinals now stand at 208. Cardinal Electors remain at 118, and Cardinal non-Electors at 90.