Tempus per Annum

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Sunday, 8 October 2023 : Twenty-Seventh Sunday of Ordinary Time (Homily and Scripture Reflections)

Liturgical Colour : Green

Dear brothers and sisters in Christ, this Sunday as we listened to the words of the Scriptures, we are all reminded of our duties and responsibilities, our calling and our missions as God’s beloved people, as those whom He has chosen and called, to be His disciples, followers and trusted stewards, in caring for everything that He has entrusted to us. Each and every one of us, in our various areas of responsibility and walk of life, we have been entrusted with various gifts, talents, abilities, opportunities and all other things that help us to reach out to others all around us, be exemplary and missionary in how we live our lives so that we may indeed spread and proclaim the Good News of God, His truth and love through our everyday actions and examples.

In our first reading today, taken from the Book of the prophet Isaiah, we heard of the words of the Lord, Who was speaking to His people through Isaiah, lamenting and showing His frustrations at them, because of their many sins, wickedness, disobedience and failure to obey His Law and commandments, and for their persistent and continued rebellion against Him and His love and kindness. Back then, by the time of the ministry of the prophet Isaiah, the people of Israel, in both the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah had spent a long time disobeying God and refusing to listen to His words, persecuting the prophets and messengers that He had sent to them to remind and help them to return to the right path.

This led to the destruction and downfall of the northern kingdom of Israel, and the exile of many of its people to distant lands by the Assyrians who destroyed their cities and brought an end to their existence and life in the land of northern Israel. The southern kingdom of Judah also faced a lot of hardships and trials, as they were beaten and oppressed by their own neighbours and the same Assyrians who had crushed their northern brethren. The Lord had done everything to keep His people being faithful and committed to Him, revealing His plans and prophecies sent to them through His prophets and messengers, but those who were stubborn and persistent in doing things in their own way rejected those who have been sent to help them, and persecuted the Lord’s servants and messengers.

The Lord spoke about this to His people through veiled words, using the comparison of His people with a vineyard that He, as the Master of the vineyard had tender and cared for. Despite everything which the Lord had done for the sake of His people, they still disobeyed Him and refused to listen to Him, as they chose to disregard His words and ways. This was likened to how the vineyard had yielded poor crops and results despite everything that the Lord had done to tend to His vineyard, that is His chosen and beloved people. And thus, the prophet Isaiah brought up a warning and premonition of what was to come, a warning of the destruction of the nation of Judah, its cities, Jerusalem and others, just as what have befallen the Israelites in the northern kingdom.

This is similar in spirit to what we have heard in our Gospel passage today, in which the Lord Jesus used the parable of the evil tenants in order to teach and reveal the truth to His disciples and followers, reminding them all of what each and every one of them had to do, and to be careful lest they ended up like those evil and wicked tenants who had disobeyed their master. In that parable, the Lord told the story of how several evil and wicked tenants abused their stewardship of their plots of land which had been entrusted to them and leased to them by the landowner. They refused to pay their dues to the landowner, despite repeated reminders from those that the landowner sent to those wicked tenants. Instead, they chose to persecute the messengers and servants that had been sent to them to remind them.

This was an allusion to how in the past, as mentioned earlier, the people of Israel were persecuting the prophets, God’s messengers and servants that had been sent to them to help and guide them down the right path. They had hardened their hearts and minds, refusing to listen to God or obey His Law and ways, and having chosen to indulge in their corrupt and wicked behaviours and attitudes, allowing themselves to be swayed by worldly riches, temptations and seduction. That was just how those evil tenants acted in the Lord’s parable, as they greedily wanted to get the lands they leased for their own selfish benefits, without paying their dues and fulfilling their obligations. They allowed themselves to be seduced and tempted by worldly glory and desires, that they ended up losing their way in the path of sin.

And we also heard how in that parable the master and landowner sent his son to parley and negotiate with those evil tenants, only for them to greedily and wickedly slaughter that landowner’s son, so that they could seize the lands for themselves. This was in fact the Lord showing a premonition, allusion and revelation of what He Himself would suffer and endure at the hands of those who refused to believe in Him and rejected Him. The Lord Jesus Himself as the Son of God was represented by the landowner’s son, sent into this world into our midst, with God representing the landowner, and all of us as the tenants tending the Lord’s vineyard and land, that is this world. And He was also persecuted and rejected, and put to death because of the wickedness and sins of mankind, our own sins.

That is why, brothers and sisters in Christ, having heard what the Scripture passages had told us this Sunday, all of us must realise that as God’s beloved people, the ones whom He had created out of pure love, to dwell in this world, all of us have been entrusted in various different ways to be the stewards of this world, of God’s wonderful creation. We must not misuse, neglect and abuse all that had been entrusted to us, in the natural world and the environment just as Pope Francis in his very recent Apostolic Exhortation ‘Laudate Deum’ had reminded all of us, in how we have driven our natural environment to destruction. And then, we must also be responsible as well in our treatment of one another and way of living our lives, in how we interact with our fellow brothers and sisters all around us, with our family members, parents and children, relatives and friends, and even with strangers and acquaintances whom we meet and encounter in each and every moments of our lives.

All of us should do what St. Paul told the Church of God and the faithful in the city of Philippi just as we heard in our second reading today, as he told them all to be truly obedient and faithful to God, in all of their way of life and actions, with the words like ‘Fill your minds with whatever is truthful, holy, just, pure, lovely and noble. Be mindful of whatever deserves praise and admiration.’ as reminders that we, like those evil and wicked tenants, and like the people of Israel in the ages past, could be easily swayed by the temptations of the world, the many things that the devil and those desiring our downfall have tried to seduce us with. Each and every one of us should always strive to keep ourselves obedient to the Lord and filled with His virtues and love at all times, as best as we can.

Now, as we continue to live our lives in each and every moments henceforth, can we all strive to follow the Lord ever more wholeheartedly in all things? Can we dedicate ourselves, our time and efforts, in all that we say and do, so that we may truly indeed be good and worthy stewards of the Lord’s creation, in our responsible behaviour and actions towards our natural environment, in how we act and interact towards each other, so that we may truly be exemplary and inspirational in our actions, words and deeds, as the shining beacons of God’s Light and truth, bringing hope and enlightenment upon this darkened world, corrupted and misled by sin and evil. Let us all, as Christians, be truly committed to God, and do what God has taught and shown us all to do.

May the Lord be with us always, and may He empower and strengthen each and every one of us, so that in all the things that we say and do, we will always be full of faith and dedication to God, and be always full of virtues and grace. May God bless us all in our every good efforts and endeavours, in all of our actions, words and deeds, now and always. Amen.

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Sunday, 8 October 2023 : Twenty-Seventh Sunday of Ordinary Time (Gospel Reading)

Liturgical Colour : Green

Matthew 21 : 33-44

At that time, Jesus said to His disciples, “Listen to another example : There was a landowner who planted a vineyard. He put a fence around it, dug a hole for the wine press, built a watchtower, leased the vineyard to tenants, and then, went to a distant country.”

“When harvest time came, the landowner sent his servants to the tenants to collect his share of the harvest. But the tenants seized his servants, beat one, killed another, and stoned a third. Again, the owner sent more servants; but they were treated in the same way.”

“Finally, he sent his son, thinking, ‘They will respect my son.’ But when the tenants saw the son, they thought, ‘This is the one who is to inherit the vineyard. Let us kill him, and his inheritance will be ours.’ So they seized him, threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.”

“Now, what will the owner of the vineyard do with the tenants when he comes?” They said to Him, “He will bring those evil men to an evil end, and lease the vineyard to others, who will pay him in due time.” And Jesus replied, “Have you never read what the Scriptures say? The stone which the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. This was the Lord’s doing, and we marvel at it.”

“Therefore I say to you : the kingdom of heaven will be taken from you, and given to a people who will produce its fruit. Whoever falls on this stone, he will be broken to pieces; on whomsoever this stone falls, he will be ground to dust.”

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Sunday, 8 October 2023 : Twenty-Seventh Sunday of Ordinary Time (Second Reading)

Liturgical Colour : Green

Philippians 4 : 6-9

Do not be anxious about anything. In everything, resort to prayer and supplication, together, with thanksgiving, and bring your requests before God. Then, the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will keep your hearts and minds in Christ Jesus.

Finally, brothers and sisters, fill your minds with whatever is truthful, holy, just, pure, lovely and noble. Be mindful of whatever deserves praise and admiration. Put into practice what you have learnt from me, what I passed on to you, what you heard from me or saw me doing, and the God of peace will be with you.

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Sunday, 8 October 2023 : Twenty-Seventh Sunday of Ordinary Time (Psalm)

Liturgical Colour : Green

Psalm 79 : 9 and 12, 13-14, 15-16, 19-20

You had a vine You brought from Egypt. You drove nations out, to plant it in their land. Its branches reached out to the sea and its shoots to the River.

Why, then, have You broken down its walls, so that all who pass by pluck its fruits? The beasts of the forest ravage it and all creatures of the field feed on it.

Turn again, o YHVH of hosts, look down from heaven and see; care for this vine, and protect the stock Your hand has planted.

Then, we will never turn away from You; give us life, and we will call on Your Name. Restore us, o YHVH, God of hosts; make Your face shine on us, that we may be saved.

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Sunday, 8 October 2023 : Twenty-Seventh Sunday of Ordinary Time (First Reading)

Liturgical Colour : Green

Isaiah 5 : 1-7

Let me sing for my Beloved, my love song about His vineyard. My Beloved had a vineyard on a fertile hillside. He dug it up, cleared the stones, and planted the choicest vines. He built there a watchtower and hewed out a wine press as well. The He looked for a crop of good grapes, but it yielded only wild grapes.

Now, inhabitants of Jerusalem and people of Judah, judge between Me and My vineyard. What more was there to do that I have not done for My vineyard? Good grapes was the yield I expected. Why did it yield only sour grapes?

Now I will let you know what I am going to do with My vineyard : I will remove its hedge and it will be burnt; I will break down its wall and it will be trampled on. I will make it a wasteland, I will neither prune nor hoe it, and briers and thorns will grow there. I command the clouds, as well, not to send rain on it.

The vineyard of YHVH Sabaoth is the people of Israel; and the people of Judah are His pleasant vine. He looked for justice, but found bloodshed; He looked for righteousness but heard cries of distress.

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Saturday, 7 October 2023 : 26th Week of Ordinary Time, Memorial of Our Lady of the Rosary (Homily and Scripture Reflections)

Liturgical Colour : White

Dear brothers and sisters in Christ, today the Church celebrates the occasion of the Feast of Our Lady of the Rosary, in which we remember Mary, the Holy Mother of God, in her aspect of her gift to us in the rosary, the beads that we usually use in our prayers, composed usually of fifty beads that are interconnected together, and represent the chain of prayers that all of us have been given so that we may be able to find our path towards the Lord. Mary, Our Lady of the Rosary has always shown us God’s wonderful love, through her own compassionate and loving attention towards each and every one of us, God’s beloved people. God entrusted to His beloved mother, all of us to be His own children, so that we may be under her care and protection.

This event of the Feast of Our Lady of the Rosary had its roots in the victory of the forces of the Lord at the great Battle of Lepanto, in which the combined forces of Christendom stood its ground against the mighty forces of the Ottoman Empire, which at that time, was greatly expansionist and aggressive, in trying to subjugate Christian realms and God’s people. Hence, after having suffered from many important setbacks, the forces of the Christian rulers were gathered and assembled under the leadership of the Pope, then Pope St. Pius V, who urged Christian rulers to gather their forces and stop the forces of the Ottomans, and hence, a mighty fleet came to meet the Ottoman fleet at the bay of Lepanto in what is today part of Greece.

Pope St. Pius V commanded all of Christendom and urged all Christians everywhere to pray for the success of the forces of the Christian nations, and advised everyone to pray the rosary, asking for the intercession of the Blessed Mother of God, the Angels and the saints, to help the forces of the Lord’s faithful against those of their enemies. In the end, during the great battle, which went miraculously for the forces of Christendom, ended up in a great and triumphant victory against the forces of the enemies of the people of God, their oppressors and all those who have refused to believe in the Lord. It was told according to tradition and eyewitnesses on both sides of the battle that during the battle, a heavenly vision of great army of Heaven, led by the Blessed Virgin Mary, Our Lady of the Rosary, the Angels and saints were fighting on the side of the faithful against the Ottomans.

Thus, upon the great victory, the Pope declared a great celebration and dedicated this victory to the Blessed Virgin Mary, with the title of Our Lady of Victory. However, soon after, this celebration and dedication was renamed after the title of Our Lady of the Rosary which we celebrate up to this day. This is also a reminder of the powerful nature of the rosary prayer, in invoking the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Mother of God, in helping us all to find our way towards the Lord and His salvation and grace. We must not underestimate the use and the power of the rosary, which had indeed helped countless souls in finding their way back towards God. The rosary has been instrumental in helping so many people to rediscover their faith and also prayer habits, and reconnecting many of them back to God, through His Blessed Mother, Our Lady of the Rosary.

The rosary itself, also sometimes known as the Dominican rosary, came to be in its present form from the practices of the Church fathers in praying over knotted prayer ropes, which our brethren in the Eastern Churches still used till this day. Initially, those ropes were used to say the Jesus prayer, or the entire a hundred and fifty chapters of the Book of Psalms, which then evolved into the rosary in its present form, in the prayers offered to God through His Blessed Mother, the Pater Noster or the Lord’s Prayer, the Ave Maria or Hail Mary, and the Gloria Patri or the Glory Be prayer. These were presented to St. Dominic, the founder of the Order of Preachers, the Dominicans, in a vision which the saint received from the Mother of God, who passed on to St. Dominic, the gift of the rosary.

Ever since then, the rosary has become a truly powerful spiritual weapon and sacramental, helping many of the people of God to remain firmly rooted in their faith in God. Back then, the practice of saying prayers like Ave Maria or Hail Mary had been commonplace, and the rosary helped to give this popular practice an anchor through which more and more people could practice this devotion and deepen their relationship with God through His Blessed Mother, Our Lady of the Rosary. Therefore, today, as we celebrate this great Feast of Our Lady of the Rosary, let us all renew our devotion and commitment to God which we made through spending meaningful and good time in praying, in deepening our relationship with Him and in honouring His Blessed Mother at all times.

This is why today, we should renew our practice and make the good habit of praying to God, and especially through the use of the holy rosary. Through the rosary, each and every one of us have been led to the Lord via the patient and loving hands of our blessed Mother Mary, Our Lady of the Rosary. The rosary has helped us to redirect our attention and focus back towards the Lord, and away from all the distractions, evils and the temptations of the world, all of which threatened to lead us down the wrong path into our downfall and destruction. We should always strive to fulfil God’s will, as well as obeying His Law and commandments at all times. Through the faithful devotion and genuine prayer of the rosary, all of us should grow ever stronger in our faith and love for God. At the same time, we should also pray the rosary and other prayers with genuine attention and focus on the Lord, and not merely reciting the prayers without meaning or proper intention.

May Our Lady of the Rosary, the Most Holy Mother of God, our protectress, guide and inspiration continue to pray for all of us sinners, and may she, our loving Mother, continue to intercede for us, that we may be strengthened in our faith and lives by the Lord. May the Lord continue to bless each and every one of us, in all of our every efforts and endeavours, and in our every actions, so that we may indeed be good role models and inspirations to one another, and to all those whom we encounter in our daily lives. May God be with us always, now and forevermore, together with His Blessed Mother, Our Lady of the Rosary. Amen.

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Saturday, 7 October 2023 : 26th Week of Ordinary Time, Memorial of Our Lady of the Rosary (Gospel Reading)

Liturgical Colour : White

Luke 1 : 26-38

In the sixth month, the Angel Gabriel was sent from God to a town of Galilee called Nazareth. He was sent to a young virgin, who was betrothed to a man named Joseph, of the family of David; and the virgin’s name was Mary.

The Angel came to her and said, “Rejoice, full of grace, the Lord is with you.” Mary was troubled at these words, wondering what this greeting could mean. But the Angel said, “Do not fear, Mary, for God has looked kindly on you. You shall conceive and bear a Son, and you shall call Him Jesus. He will be great, and shall rightly be called Son of the Most High. The Lord God will give Him the kingdom of David, His ancestor; He will rule over the people of Jacob forever, and His reign shall have no end.”

Then Mary said to the Angel, “How can this be, since I am a virgin?” And the Angel said to her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore, the Holy Child to be born of you shall be called Son of God. Even your relative Elizabeth is expecting a son in her old age, although she was unable to have a child; and she is now in her sixth month. With God nothing is impossible.”

Then Mary said, “I am the handmaid of the Lord, let it be done to me as you have said.” And the Angel left her.

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Saturday, 7 October 2023 : 26th Week of Ordinary Time, Memorial of Our Lady of the Rosary (Psalm)

Liturgical Colour : White

Luke 1 : 46-47, 48-49, 50-51, 52-53, 54-55

My soul proclaims the greatness of the Lord, my spirit exults in God, my Saviour!

He has looked upon His servant, in her lowliness, and people, forever, will call me blessed. The Mighty One has done great things for me, Holy is His Name!

From age to age, His mercy extends to those who live in His presence. He has acted with power and done wonders, and scattered the proud with their plans.

He has put down the mighty from their thrones, and lifted up those who are downtrodden. He has filled the hungry with good things, but has sent the rich away empty.

He held out His hand to Israel, His servant, for He remembered His mercy, even as He promised to our fathers, to Abraham and his descendants forever.

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Saturday, 7 October 2023 : 26th Week of Ordinary Time, Memorial of Our Lady of the Rosary (First Reading)

Liturgical Colour : White

Acts 1 : 12-14

Then they returned to Jerusalem from the Mount called Olives, which is a fifteen minute walk away. On entering the city they went to the room upstairs where they were staying. Present there were Peter, John, James and Andrew; Philip and Thomas, Bartholomew and Matthew, James, son of Alpheus; Simon the Zealot and Judas son of James.

All of these, together, gave themselves to constant prayer. With them were some women, and also Mary, the mother of Jesus, and His brothers.

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Friday, 6 October 2023 : 26th Week of Ordinary Time, Memorial of St. Bruno, Priest (Homily and Scripture Reflections)

Liturgical Colour : Green or White (Priests)

Dear brothers and sisters in Christ, today as we listened to the words of the Lord contained in the Scripture passages, we are all reminded that our sins and disobedience had caused us to be sundered and separated from God, and because of that, like our forefathers before us, we have fallen into the path of sin and evil, and became wayward. Yet, God has always been very patient and kind towards us, in reminding us and helping us in our journey and path. He has always been persistent in reaching out to us and helping us to find the right path, despite our disobedience and refusal to follow Him, and our refusal to follow His Law and commandments. Yet, there is indeed a limit to His patience and love, as, if we continue to disobey and refuse to believe in Him, then it is by our own choice that we will have condemned ourselves to eternal damnation and destruction.

In our first reading today, taken from the Book of the prophet Baruch, we heard of the words of Baruch, a prophet who ministered to the people of the southern kingdom of Judah at the time of the end and final days of that kingdom, as a contemporary and friend of the prophet Jeremiah, who also spoke of God’s words and revelations to the people of God in that kingdom. Baruch was the scribe of Jeremiah, who helped him to record God’s words and the various proclamations and prophecies received from God, helping the man of God to carry out his works among the people, which was truly a difficult work to be done. Baruch assisted Jeremiah during the challenging and difficult times, and according to tradition, when Jeremiah had to hide from his enemies, Baruch was the one who carried out his works.

We heard of how the Lord reminded His people through the prophet Baruch, of their waywardness and sins, their wickedness and evils, all the things that they had done which prevented them from truly obeying and following God’s will, His Law and commandments, and which had led them into their downfall and destruction. The prophet Baruch in today’s first reading highlighted the faults and disobedience of the people, which therefore had led to the consequences, the failures and the downfall that they experienced, that Moses and the other prophets had warned them. As long as they kept themselves away from the Lord and His path, and trusted in their own power and ways, then they would likely face tribulations and failures, sufferings and lack of true satisfaction, which can be found in the Lord alone.

In our Gospel passage today, we heard from the passage from the Gospel of St. Luke in which the Lord rebuked the cities of Bethsaida, Chorazin and Capernaum, the cities in which He had often performed His works and miracles, taught and preached in their synagogues, and where there were frequently many signs and wonders that God had done for the people, revealing the truth about Himself and proclaiming the Good News and the truth which God has always desired to reveal to all of us. The Lord spoke in such a way because they had seen everything which the Lord Himself had done, repeatedly, again and again, and yet, many of them still failed to believe, hardened their hearts and minds, refusing to trust in Him, and continuing to doubt Him despite having been reassured and shown the truth.

This also showed us the need for us all to turn away from worldly temptations and desires, so that in our way of life and in our every actions and deeds, we may always strive to do what the Lord has commanded us to do, and not to be easily misled and misguided by the falsehoods present and found all around us. Each and every one of us must keep an open mind and welcome the Lord into our hearts and minds, so that through Him, we may truly gain understanding and appreciation of what it really means for us to have faith in the Lord, and to walk in His path. Through this, we may also have better understanding and appreciation of what we have been taught and shown by the Lord, our loving God and Saviour.

This means that, each and every one of us as Christians, we should heed God’s words always, and remember His love and kindness, appreciating how His love and mercy has done so much amazing things for us, all these while. We should not take any of these for granted any longer, and we should begin to appreciate just how fortunate we truly are, for having been so beloved and cared by the Lord, our most loving God, at all times and circumstances. We should be thankful to Him and we should strive to do whatever we can, so that we may indeed be obedient to Him, His Law and commandments, ever more, in all things, and so that we may grow ever stronger in our love and commitment towards Him, as we carry on living our lives.

Today, the Church celebrates the feast of St. Bruno, a holy man of God, whose life and actions can serve as a great example and inspiration for each and every one of us, in how we can and should live up to our faith in the Lord. St. Bruno, also known as St. Bruno of Cologne, was the founder of the Carthusian Order, and was a dedicated servant of God, in his many missions and contributions to the Church and the Christian community, in all of his works, as a great teacher of the faith and as a guide for many younger men and women of God, some of whom later on became great disciples of the Lord in their own way. He carried out many good works, and in his humility, he refused to become a bishop when he was about to be made one, as he renounced all the glory of the world, and all secular concerns and worldly attachments.

Instead, he continued to devote himself to his missions and works, and eventually gathering many followers who would become the foundation of the Carthusians, a group of faithful Christians and servants of God, dedicated to the life in service of God, in prayer and ministry among the people of God, living a worthy and good life, in accordance with God’s Law and commandments. The Lord has inspired many to follow in the footsteps of St. Bruno, and many were touched by the faith and commitment that this holy man of God had done. All of us should also therefore commit ourselves in the same way as St. Bruno had done, and do our part, in ensuring that our own actions and deeds may become truly worthy of God.

Brothers and sisters in Christ, let us all be committed anew to the Lord, living our lives ever more worthily in each and every moments, and let us all be exemplary in our whole actions, words and deeds, so that we may indeed be the good role models and examples for one another. May the Lord continue to guide each and every one of us, and may He empower all of us so that we may be the shining examples and role models for our fellow brothers and sisters, our fellow men and women, all around us, just as St. Bruno and other innumerable saints, holy men and women of God, had inspired us by their lives. Amen.